What is "voter suppression"?

Voter suppression refers specifically to efforts that unfairly restrict or limit access to voting, particularly targeting certain groups based on demographic factors such as race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status. This can manifest through various means, including stringent identification requirements, reduction of polling places in specific areas, purging voter rolls, and limiting early voting opportunities.

These tactics can create barriers that disproportionately affect marginalized communities, making it more difficult for them to participate in the electoral process. Understanding voter suppression is essential because it highlights the ongoing challenges related to voting rights and the importance of ensuring that all eligible citizens have a fair opportunity to vote.

In contrast, the other options focus on positive initiatives or protections designed to enhance voter participation and rights, rather than suppressing access to the polls. Efforts to increase participation through education and initiatives that simplify voting are aimed at encouraging civic engagement, while legislation that protects voters' rights is intended to safeguard against suppression tactics.