What term is used for redrawing district boundaries to ensure one party maintains or gains political power?

The term that refers to the practice of redrawing district boundaries to maintain or gain political power for a specific party is gerrymandering. This process involves manipulating the boundaries in a way that gives one political party an advantage over others in elections.

Gerrymandering can take various forms, such as "cracking," which dilutes the voting power of a particular group, and "packing," which concentrates voters of a particular party into a single district to minimize their influence in other areas. The significance of gerrymandering lies in its potential to distort the electoral process, making it more difficult for voters to elect representatives that truly reflect their preferences.

In contrast, terms like reapportionment and redistricting refer to legitimate processes governed by a set of rules, often following the decennial census to reflect population changes, without the intent to manipulate outcomes for political gain. District mapping is more neutral and does not inherently imply an attempt to skew representation.